Excavation and formation
First we make the setting out of our line after that we can start excavation
Setting Out
Before any structural excavation is commenced the Contractor shall define the center line or other agreed reference line of the Works and erect the necessary profiles throughout their full length if so required by the Engineer. The area shall be trimmed to a clean, properly compared uniform surface to the lines and levels shown on the drawings. Any soft areas considered unsatisfactory by the Engineer shall be taken out and the extra depth filled with approved compacted fill
Trench Excavation
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| trench support by steel shoring because of loose material |
Trench excavation shall be carried out by such methods and to such lines, dimension and depths as shall allow for the proper construction of the works, provided always that, unless the Engineer permits otherwise, no trench excavation shall be less than 600 mm in width. Excavation shall be carried out by hand methods where required to ensure the stability of utilities encountered during excavation work. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any rock in trench excavation shall be so excavated that the clearance between the pipe, when laid, and the rock sides and bottom of the trench is kept to the minimum limits necessary to provide for the specified thickness of bedding and concrete protection of the pipe. The bottom of the trenches shall be properly trimmed off and a compacted granular bed of thickness as shown on the drawings shall be placed and prepared to provide a firm and uniform bearing throughout the length of the pipe.
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| bedding |
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